Which of the following is a potential complication associated with hemodialysis?

Muscle cramps are indeed a potential complication associated with hemodialysis. During the treatment process, patients may experience dehydration or fluctuations in electrolyte levels, particularly sodium and potassium, which can contribute to muscle cramping. These cramps often occur as a result of rapid shifts in fluid balance and can be particularly common towards the end of a dialysis session when the blood volume is lower and muscle tissues may not receive adequate hydration.

In the context of hemodialysis, patients are carefully monitored for changes in their overall fluid status and electrolyte levels to help prevent such complications. Addressing muscle cramps can often involve adjusting the dialysis prescription or hydration status to ensure that patients maintain proper fluid and electrolyte balance.

Understanding these complications is crucial for both patients and healthcare providers, as it helps to maintain the quality of care and improve the overall experience and outcomes for individuals undergoing hemodialysis.