Which of the following is a common side effect of hemodialysis affecting muscle function?

Muscle cramps are a common side effect of hemodialysis that can significantly impact muscle function. During hemodialysis, electrolytes such as potassium and calcium are removed from the blood, and fluctuations in these levels can lead to muscle cramping. Additionally, the rapid removal of fluid during the process may cause an imbalance in the body's electrolytes, further contributing to discomfort and cramping sensations in the muscles.

This phenomenon is particularly important for patients undergoing hemodialysis, as it can affect their overall quality of life and may necessitate adjustments in their treatment protocol or dietary intake to manage electrolyte levels effectively. Understanding this side effect is crucial for both patients and healthcare providers to address and prevent muscle cramps, improving the patients' experience during and after treatment.